airoboros-l2-70b-2.1 TPS calculator

Open weights 70B parameters August 2023

Each card below is assessed against this model at the context length and minimum quality you choose. Speed is an estimate for a single request, calculated from the card's memory bandwidth and the size of the model once compressed.

Calculated for this model

61 cards that can run it

818 cards we hold specifications for

Smallest card that fits

A100 PCIe 40 GB

40 GB · Q3_K_M · 25.5 tok/s

Fastest card

B200

48.4 tok/s · 180 GB

Which GPUs can run airoboros-l2-70b-2.1?

Set the inputs, read the answer

Context length tokens

A longer conversation needs more memory, which can push this model off smaller cards.

Minimum quality

Hides cards that would only fit the model by compressing it below this point.

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Card memory

Also show cards that cannot run it

61 cards match

Calculating

					Needs	Quantisation	Fit
48.4 tok/s 29–77 · low confidence	B200 NVIDIA	180 GB	8,000 GB/s	Jan 2024	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
48.4 tok/s 29–77 · low confidence	B300 NVIDIA	288 GB	8,000 GB/s	Sep 2025	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
38.7 tok/s 23–62 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI350X AMD	288 GB	8,190 GB/s	Jan 2025	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
38.7 tok/s 23–62 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI355X AMD	288 GB	8,190 GB/s	Jan 2025	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
30.9 tok/s 19–49 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300 AMD	128 GB	6,550 GB/s	Jan 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
29.6 tok/s 18–47 · low confidence	H200 NVL NVIDIA	141 GB	4,890 GB/s	Nov 2024	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
29.6 tok/s 18–47 · low confidence	H200 SXM 141 GB NVIDIA	141 GB	4,890 GB/s	Nov 2024	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
29.5 tok/s 18–47 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 80 GB NVIDIA	80 GB	3,360 GB/s	Oct 2022	59.3 GB	Q6_K	Comfortable
29.5 tok/s 18–47 · low confidence	H800 SXM5 NVIDIA	80 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	59.3 GB	Q6_K	Comfortable
28.3 tok/s 17–45 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI325X AMD	256 GB	6,000 GB/s	Oct 2024	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
26.1 tok/s 16–42 · low confidence	GRID A100B NVIDIA	48 GB	1,870 GB/s	May 2020	43.0 GB	Q4_K_M	Tight
25.5 tok/s 15–41 · low confidence	A100 PCIe 40 GB NVIDIA	40 GB	1,560 GB/s	Jun 2020	34.9 GB	Q3_K_M	Tight
25.5 tok/s 15–41 · low confidence	A100 SXM4 40 GB NVIDIA	40 GB	1,560 GB/s	May 2020	34.9 GB	Q3_K_M	Tight
25.5 tok/s 15–41 · low confidence	A800 PCIe 40 GB NVIDIA	40 GB	1,560 GB/s	Nov 2022	34.9 GB	Q3_K_M	Tight
25.1 tok/s 15–40 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300A AMD	128 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
25.1 tok/s 15–40 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300X AMD	192 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
25.1 tok/s 15–40 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI308X AMD	192 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
23.8 tok/s 14–38 · low confidence	H100 NVL 94 GB NVIDIA	94 GB	3,940 GB/s	Mar 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Tight
21.8 tok/s 13–35 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 64 GB NVIDIA	64 GB	2,020 GB/s	Mar 2023	51.2 GB	Q5_K_M	Tight
20.3 tok/s 12–33 · low confidence	H100 PCIe 96 GB NVIDIA	96 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Tight
20.3 tok/s 12–33 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 94 GB NVIDIA	94 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Tight
20.3 tok/s 12–33 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 96 GB NVIDIA	96 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	75.6 GB	Q8_0	Tight
18.7 tok/s 11–30 · low confidence	RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell NVIDIA	48 GB	1,340 GB/s	Mar 2025	43.0 GB	Q4_K_M	Tight
17.9 tok/s 11–29 · low confidence	A100 SXM4 80 GB NVIDIA	80 GB	2,040 GB/s	Nov 2020	59.3 GB	Q6_K	Comfortable
17.9 tok/s 11–29 · low confidence	A100X NVIDIA	80 GB	2,040 GB/s	Jun 2021	59.3 GB	Q6_K	Comfortable

Speeds are estimates for a single request — one conversation at a time — calculated from memory bandwidth, model size and quantisation. Real throughput varies with the inference runtime and its version. Figures published by hardware vendors measure many simultaneous requests and are much higher.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Published: 24 August 2023
Authors: Jon Durbin

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain: Language
Task: Language modeling/generation, Question answering
Base model: Llama 2-70B

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Parameters: 70B
Training data: tokens

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights: Open — downloadable
Model access: Open weights (restricted use)
Training code: Open source
Hugging Face: jondurbin

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Record confidence: Confident

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference: airoboros: using large language models to fine-tune large language models
Last updated: 28 November 2025

The extremes

The ten fastest GPUs that run airoboros-l2-70b-2.1

Ranked by estimated tokens per second, newest card first where speeds tie. Because generation is bound by memory bandwidth, this ordering follows bandwidth rather than any gaming benchmark.

The smallest GPUs that still run airoboros-l2-70b-2.1

The cheapest route in, by memory capacity. A tight fit runs the model but leaves nothing spare for a longer conversation.

What the numbers mean

What it takes to run this model

Minimum card

A100 PCIe 40 GB

Memory needed

34.9 GB

Fastest

48.4 tok/s

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1 reaches a parameter count of 70B. That puts it above consumer hardware, into the range where a card is bought for this purpose rather than repurposed for it. The number of cards we track that can hold it: 61.

The smallest card that holds it is A100 PCIe 40 GB, with a memory capacity of 40 GB, running it at a compression of Q3_K_M and producing around 25.5 tokens per second.

The quickest result comes from B200, generating roughly 48.4 tokens per second on the strength of a memory bandwidth of 8,000 GB/s.

About this model

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1 was published by its authors, during August 2023.

It works in the domain of Language, and is recorded as performing the task of language modeling/generation, Question answering.

It builds on Llama 2-70B. That is the usual way a specialised model is produced.

The weights are published, so it can be downloaded and run on your own hardware indefinitely, offline, with no account attached. On Hugging Face it is published under the organisation jondurbin.

How fast it runs, and why

The median result is around 17.1 tokens per second. Clearing the ten tokens per second that roughly matches reading speed: 50 of them.

Every weight participates in every token here, so bandwidth is the whole story: the ranking below is effectively a ranking of memory throughput.

Without the attention layout on record, the memory column is an approximation. It is close enough to choose hardware by, and least reliable at long context.

Step by step

How to choose a GPU for airoboros-l2-70b-2.1

The table above has already assessed every card we hold specifications for against this model. Getting to your answer takes six steps.

01

Start from the memory column

Start from what it actually needs, which is the requirement of airoboros-l2-70b-2.1, needing around 34.9 GB at a compression of Q3_K_M. No amount of processing power compensates for a card that cannot hold it.
02

Match the context to your actual use

The conversation occupies memory too, and grows as it goes. Set the slider to the length you expect, because at long context a card that handles short questions easily can be dropped by airoboros-l2-70b-2.1.
03

Set a quality floor

Compression is what makes a model fit smaller cards, at some cost in accuracy, reaching a compression of Q3_K_M on the smallest card that fits. Setting a minimum quality drops the cards that only manage it by squeezing further than you would want, and holds the comparison at one level.
04

Rank by throughput rather than spec sheet

Ranking by tokens per second follows memory bandwidth rather than core counts, for airoboros-l2-70b-2.1. It will not match a gaming ordering, because generation is bound by memory bandwidth. The card topping the list is B200, at 48.4 tok/s.
05

Check the fit verdict before buying

Tight means it loads and works with no room to raise the context later, in the case of airoboros-l2-70b-2.1. Comfortable means you can grow the context later. That difference matters more than a few tokens per second, so buy for comfortable if you expect to.
06

Open the card you have settled on

Every card name links to its own page, which runs the same calculation across the whole model catalogue. A card is usually bought for more than one model, so it is worth a look before buying for airoboros-l2-70b-2.1.

Answers

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1 — common questions

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— is it open source?

Its weights are published, so it can be downloaded and run on your own hardware. Note that open weights is not the same as open source in the full sense — it says nothing about the training data, the training code, or the commercial terms attached.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— how many parameters does it have?

It has a parameter count of 70B. same as llama 2 70b. That figure is the total, and it is what decides how much memory the model needs — roughly half a gigabyte per billion at the compression most people use.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— when was it released?

It was published in August 2023. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— what is it used for?

It works in the domain of Language, and is recorded as handling the task of language modeling/generation, Question answering. These are the areas it was designed around; they describe intent rather than a hard boundary.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— where can I download it?

Its weights are published on Hugging Face, under the organisation jondurbin. We do not host model files — this site calculates what hardware is needed to run them.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— can I run it if it does not fit in my GPU?

Partly. Layers that do not fit sit in system memory and run at a fraction of the speed, so a mostly-offloaded model is rarely worth using. The nearest miss we calculate falls short by 14.2 GB. Every figure here assumes the whole model is resident on the card.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— would two GPUs run it faster?

Two cards buy memory rather than speed, which matters only if one card cannot hold it. The number that can: 61. So a second card is rarely the answer here.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— why does the quantisation differ between cards?

Each card is shown running the least-compressed copy it can hold. The number of distinct compression levels across the cards that fit it: 5. Bigger cards get the more accurate version, and the quality floor above pins the comparison to one level.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— how accurate are these speed estimates?

Every figure is derived from memory bandwidth and model size, not benchmarked, which is why each is published as a range rather than a single number. One example: 29–77 tok/s on B200. The same model and card vary by thirty to fifty per cent depending on the inference software and its version.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— what GPU do I need to run it?

The smallest card in our catalogue that holds it is A100 PCIe 40 GB, with a memory capacity of 40 GB. It runs the model at a compression of Q3_K_M using about 34.9 GB, and produces roughly 25.5 tokens per second. The number of cards able to run it in total: 61.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— how fast is it on a GPU?

It depends on the card. The quickest we calculate is B200, at about 48.4 tokens per second; the slowest that still runs it manages considerably less. Reading speed is around ten tokens per second, and the number of cards clearing that: 50.

airoboros-l2-70b-2.1— how much VRAM does it need?

It needs about 34.9 GB at a compression of Q3_K_M, which is what the smallest card that runs it uses. Less compression needs more: the figures in the memory column above are recalculated for each card, because each one holds the least-compressed version it can.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 28 November 2025

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