RFdiffusion

Open weights University of Washington,Columbia University,Ecole Normale Supèrieure,University of Cambridge,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Seoul National University July 2023

No estimate

No hardware requirements for this model

This model's weights are open, but no parameter count has been published for it. Every memory and speed figure starts from that number, so we would rather show nothing than a fabricated estimate.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Organisation
University of Washington,Columbia University,Ecole Normale Supèrieure,University of Cambridge,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Seoul National University
Organisation type
Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia
Country
United States of America, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Korea (Republic of)
Published
23 July 2023
Authors
Joseph L. Watson, David Juergens, Nathaniel R. Bennett, Brian L. Trippe, Jason Yim, Helen E. Eisenach, Woody Ahern, Andrew J. Borst, Robert J. Ragotte, Lukas F. Milles, Basile I. M. Wicky, Nikita Hanikel, Samuel J. Pellock, Alexis Courbet, William Sheffler, Jue Wang, Preetham Venkatesh, Isaac Sappington, Susana Vázquez Torres, Anna Lauko, Valentin De Bortoli, Emile Mathieu, Sergey Ovchinnikov, Reg…

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain
Biology
Task
Protein generation, Protein folding prediction
Base model
RoseTTAFold All-Atom (RFAA)

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Training data
tokens

Table 3 (Supplementary materials): Initial Training: crop size 256 25600 examples per epoch 200 epochs Fine tuning: crop size 384 25600 examples per epoch 100 epochs 256*25600*200+384*25600*100 = 2293760000 tokens ~ 2.3B tokens

Training compute

The arithmetic performed to train the model, measured in floating-point operations. It is a measure of what the training run cost, not of how fast the finished model answers you.

How it was established
Hardware
Fine-tuning compute
5.8 × 10²¹ FLOP

125000000000000*64*672*3600*0.3=5.80608e+21

The training run

What it physically took to train: which chips, how many, for how long, and what that drew from the wall.

Training hardware
NVIDIA V100
Chips used
64
Wall-clock time
672 hours (28 days)

"RoseTTAFold was trained for 4 weeks on 64 V100 GPUs on Microsoft Azure." 4*7*24=672 hours

Power draw
38.2 kW

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights
Open — downloadable
Model access
Open weights (unrestricted)
Training code
Unreleased

Code for running RFdiffusion has been released on GitHub, free for academic, personal and commercial use at https://github.com/Rosetta- Commons/RFdiffusion. It is also available as a Google Colab notebook, accessible through GitHub.

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Record confidence
Confident

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference
De novo design of protein structure and function with RFdiffusion
Last updated
28 November 2025

What the numbers mean

What this model is

RFdiffusion was published by University of Washington,Columbia University,Ecole Normale Supèrieure,University of Cambridge,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Seoul National University, in United States of America, in July 2023. academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia is the category the publisher falls under.

It works in Biology, and is recorded as doing protein generation, Protein folding prediction.

Its starting point was RoseTTAFold All-Atom (RFAA) — most models at this scale are adapted from an existing base rather than built from nothing.

Because its weights were released, nothing about running it depends on a provider staying available — it is yours once downloaded.

Answers

RFdiffusion — common questions

01

Is RFdiffusion open source?

Its weights are published, so RFdiffusion can be downloaded and run on your own hardware. Note that open weights is not the same as open source in the full sense — it says nothing about the training data, the training code, or the commercial terms attached.

02

How many parameters does RFdiffusion have?

No parameter count has been published for RFdiffusion, which is why no memory or speed figure appears on this page.

03

Who created RFdiffusion?

RFdiffusion was published by University of Washington,Columbia University,Ecole Normale Supèrieure,University of Cambridge,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Seoul National University, based in United States of America, categorised as academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia,Academia.

04

When was RFdiffusion released?

RFdiffusion was published in July 2023. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

05

What is RFdiffusion used for?

RFdiffusion works in Biology, and is recorded as handling protein generation, Protein folding prediction. A model can carry several of each, so these are the areas it was built for rather than a limit on what it will attempt.

06

Where can I download RFdiffusion?

The weights for RFdiffusion are published, though we do not hold a repository link for it. This site calculates hardware requirements rather than hosting model files.

07

What GPU do I need to run RFdiffusion?

We cannot say. RFdiffusion has open weights, but no parameter count has been published for it, and every memory and speed calculation starts from that number. We would rather show nothing than a fabricated estimate.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 28 November 2025

The other direction

Looking at it from the other side?

This page starts from the model. If you already own a card and want to know everything it will run, start from the hardware instead.