E-SPA
No estimate
No hardware requirements for this model
The weights for this model have not been published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any size. It is reachable only through its provider, and no graphics card changes that.
On record
Full specification
Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.
Origin
Who built this model, where, and when it was published.
- Organisation
- University of Oxford,DeepMind
- Organisation type
- Academia,Industry
- Country
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Published
- 20 February 2023
- Authors
- Bobby He, James Martens, Guodong Zhang, Aleksandar Botev, Andrew Brock, Samuel L Smith, Yee Whye Teh
What it does
The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.
- Domain
- Language
- Task
- Language modeling/generation, Question answering
Size
How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.
- Parameters
- 243M
- Training data
- tokens
Availability
Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.
- Weights
- Closed — provider access only
- Model access
- Unreleased
- Training code
- Unreleased
How it is classified
Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.
- Citations
- 51
- Benchmark data
- E-SPA
Sources
Where this record came from and when it was last checked.
- Reference
- Deep Transformers without Shortcuts: Modifying Self-attention for Faithful Signal Propagation
- Last updated
- 25 May 2026
What the numbers mean
What this model is
E-SPA was published by University of Oxford,DeepMind, in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, in February 2023. It comes out of academia,Industry.
It works in Language, and is recorded as doing language modeling/generation, Question answering.
Its weights were never published, so it can only be reached through its provider. No graphics card changes that.
Answers
E-SPA — common questions
Who created E-SPA?
E-SPA was published by University of Oxford,DeepMind, based in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, categorised as academia,Industry.
When was E-SPA released?
E-SPA was published in February 2023. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.
What is E-SPA used for?
E-SPA works in Language, and is recorded as handling language modeling/generation, Question answering. These are the areas it was designed around; they describe intent rather than a hard boundary.
What GPU do I need to run E-SPA?
None. E-SPA is a closed model — its weights were never published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any price. It is reachable only through its provider.
Is E-SPA open source?
No. E-SPA has not had its weights published, so it exists only as a service controlled by its owner.
How many parameters does E-SPA have?
E-SPA has 243M parameters. That figure is the total, and it is what decides how much memory the model needs — roughly half a gigabyte per billion at the compression most people use.
The other direction
Looking at it from the other side?
This page starts from the model. If you already own a card and want to know everything it will run, start from the hardware instead.