Operator

Closed weights OpenAI January 2023

No estimate

No hardware requirements for this model

The weights for this model have not been published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any size. It is reachable only through its provider, and no graphics card changes that.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Organisation
OpenAI
Organisation type
Industry
Country
United States of America
Published
23 January 2023

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain
Language, Vision
Task
Language modeling/generation, Question answering, System control, Code generation, Instruction interpretation, Search, Quantitative reasoning
Base model
Computer-Using Agent (CUA),GPT-4o

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Training data
tokens

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights
Closed — provider access only
Model access
API access
Training code
Unreleased

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Likely above 10²³ FLOP
Yes
Record confidence
Unknown

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference
A research preview of an agent that can use its own browser to perform tasks for you. Available to Pro users in the U.S.
Last updated
28 November 2025

What the numbers mean

Where it came from

Operator was published by OpenAI, in United States of America, in January 2023. industry is the category the publisher falls under.

It works in Language, Vision, and is recorded as doing language modeling/generation, Question answering, System control, Code generation, Instruction interpretation, Search, Quantitative reasoning.

It builds on Computer-Using Agent (CUA),GPT-4o, which is why it shares that model's general shape and size.

Its weights were never published, so it can only be reached through its provider. No graphics card changes that.

Answers

Operator — common questions

01

How many parameters does Operator have?

No parameter count has been published for Operator, which is why no memory or speed figure appears on this page.

02

Who created Operator?

Operator was published by OpenAI, based in United States of America, categorised as industry.

03

When was Operator released?

Operator was published in January 2023. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

04

What is Operator used for?

Operator works in Language, Vision, and is recorded as handling language modeling/generation, Question answering, System control, Code generation, Instruction interpretation, Search, Quantitative reasoning. Models frequently carry more than one of each, and the tags describe purpose rather than capability limits.

05

What GPU do I need to run Operator?

None. Operator is a closed model — its weights were never published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any price. It is reachable only through its provider.

06

Is Operator open source?

No. Operator has not had its weights published, so it exists only as a service controlled by its owner.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 28 November 2025

The other direction

Looking at it from the other side?

This page starts from the model. If you already own a card and want to know everything it will run, start from the hardware instead.