CICERO
No estimate
No hardware requirements for this model
This model's weights are open, but no parameter count has been published for it. Every memory and speed figure starts from that number, so we would rather show nothing than a fabricated estimate.
On record
Full specification
Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.
Origin
Who built this model, where, and when it was published.
- Organisation
- Meta AI
- Organisation type
- Industry
- Country
- United States of America
- Published
- 22 November 2022
- Authors
- Anton Bakhtin, Noam Brown, Emily Dinan, Gabriele Farina, Colin Flaherty, Daniel Fried, Andrew Goff, Jonathan Gray, Hengyuan Hu, Athul Paul Jacob, Mojtaba Komeili, Karthik Konath, Minae Kwon, Adam Lerer, Mike Lewis, Alexander H. Miller, Sasha Mitts, Adithya Renduchintala, Stephen Roller, Dirk Rowe, Weiyan Shi, Joe Spisak, Alexander Wei, David Wu, Hugh Zhang, Markus Zijlstra
What it does
The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.
- Domain
- Games
- Task
- Diplomacy
- Numerical format
- FP16
Size
How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.
- Training data
- tokens
"We obtained a dataset of 125,261 games of Diplomacy played online at webDiplomacy.net. Of these, 40,408 games contained dialogue, with a total of 12,901,662 messages exchanged between players. Player accounts were de-identified and automated redaction of personally identifiable information (PII) was performed by webDiplomacy. We refer to this dataset hereafter as WebDiplomacy ."
Availability
Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.
- Weights
- Open — downloadable
- Model access
- Open weights (non-commercial)
- Training code
- Open source
creative commons (non comm) for model weights, MIT for code https://github.com/facebookresearch/diplomacy_cicero?tab=readme-ov-file#license-for-model-weights
How it is classified
Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.
- Why it is tracked
- SOTA improvement
- Record confidence
- Unknown
- Citations
- 459
"We introduce Cicero, the first AI agent to achieve human-level performance in Diplomacy"
Sources
Where this record came from and when it was last checked.
- Reference
- Human-level play in the game of Diplomacy by combining language models with strategic reasoning
- Last updated
- 1 January 2026
What the numbers mean
Background
CICERO was published by Meta AI, in United States of America, in November 2022. It comes out of industry.
It works in Games, and is recorded as doing diplomacy.
The weights being open is what puts this page in the calculator rather than only in the catalogue: it is a model you can actually hold.
Training and provenance
It is tracked in the underlying dataset for one reason in particular: sOTA improvement.
Answers
CICERO — common questions
What GPU do I need to run CICERO?
We cannot say. CICERO has open weights, but no parameter count has been published for it, and every memory and speed calculation starts from that number. We would rather show nothing than a fabricated estimate.
Is CICERO open source?
Its weights are published, so CICERO can be downloaded and run on your own hardware. Note that open weights is not the same as open source in the full sense — it says nothing about the training data, the training code, or the commercial terms attached.
How many parameters does CICERO have?
No parameter count has been published for CICERO, which is why no memory or speed figure appears on this page.
Who created CICERO?
CICERO was published by Meta AI, based in United States of America, categorised as industry.
When was CICERO released?
CICERO was published in November 2022. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.
What is CICERO used for?
CICERO works in Games, and is recorded as handling diplomacy. These are the areas it was designed around; they describe intent rather than a hard boundary.
Where can I download CICERO?
The weights for CICERO are published, though we do not hold a repository link for it. This site calculates hardware requirements rather than hosting model files.
The other direction
Looking at it from the other side?
This page starts from the model. If you already own a card and want to know everything it will run, start from the hardware instead.