Luminous-supreme

Closed weights Aleph Alpha 70B parameters August 2022

No estimate

No hardware requirements for this model

The weights for this model have not been published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any size. It is reachable only through its provider, and no graphics card changes that.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Organisation
Aleph Alpha
Organisation type
Industry
Country
Germany
Published
15 August 2022

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain
Language
Task
Language generation

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Parameters
70B

"~70B"

Training data
1,069,300,000,000 tokens

from the table Total Size: 2.77 + 0.79 + 0.18 + 0.07 + 0.06 + 0.02 = 3.89 TB Tokens: 761.41B + 217.15B + 49.47B + 19.29B + 16.49B + 5.49B = 1069.30B tokens

Training compute

The arithmetic performed to train the model, measured in floating-point operations. It is a measure of what the training run cost, not of how fast the finished model answers you.

Training compute
3.5 × 10²³ FLOP

"~839000h" GPU-hours on A100s, per Environmental Impact section of model card. 312 trillion * 839000 * 3600 * 0.3 = 2.8e23 6ND = 6*70B*1069.30B = 4.49106e+23 sqrt(2.8e23*4.49106e+23) = 3.54612... × 10^23 reported here: 167TFLOPS https://docs.aleph-alpha.com/docs/Deprecated%20Luminous/Deprecated-Luminous/model-card/

How it was established
Hardware,Operation counting

The training run

What it physically took to train: which chips, how many, for how long, and what that drew from the wall.

Training hardware
NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB,NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB
Chips used
512
Wall-clock time
2,016 hours (84 days)

Approximately 12 weeks = 2016 hours

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights
Closed — provider access only
Model access
API access
Training code
Unreleased

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Likely above 10²³ FLOP
Yes
Record confidence
Confident

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference
Model Card Luminous
Last updated
28 November 2025

What the numbers mean

Background

Luminous-supreme was published by Aleph Alpha, in Germany, in August 2022. industry is the category the publisher falls under.

It works in Language, and is recorded as doing language generation.

This is a closed model: the trained values stayed with whoever produced them, and there is no local version to run.

How it was trained

Producing it required around 3.5 × 10²³ FLOP of arithmetic, on NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB,NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB, which is a statement about the training budget rather than about inference.

Around 1,069,300,000,000 tokens went into training it.

Answers

Luminous-supreme — common questions

01

What GPU do I need to run Luminous-supreme?

None. Luminous-supreme is a closed model — its weights were never published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any price. It is reachable only through its provider.

02

Is Luminous-supreme open source?

No. Luminous-supreme has not had its weights published, so it exists only as a service controlled by its owner.

03

How many parameters does Luminous-supreme have?

Luminous-supreme has 70B parameters. "~70B". That figure is the total, and it is what decides how much memory the model needs — roughly half a gigabyte per billion at the compression most people use.

04

Who created Luminous-supreme?

Luminous-supreme was published by Aleph Alpha, based in Germany, categorised as industry.

05

When was Luminous-supreme released?

Luminous-supreme was published in August 2022. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

06

What is Luminous-supreme used for?

Luminous-supreme works in Language, and is recorded as handling language generation. These are the areas it was designed around; they describe intent rather than a hard boundary.

07

How much compute was used to train Luminous-supreme?

Around 3.5 × 10²³ FLOP, on NVIDIA A100 SXM4 40 GB,NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB. That measures what producing the model cost and says nothing about how quickly it answers once trained — inference speed comes from memory bandwidth, not from the training budget.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 28 November 2025

The other direction

Looking at it from the other side?

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