AWD-LSTM

Closed weights DeepMind,University of Oxford 24M parameters July 2017

No estimate

No hardware requirements for this model

The weights for this model have not been published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any size. It is reachable only through its provider, and no graphics card changes that.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Organisation
DeepMind,University of Oxford
Organisation type
Industry,Academia
Country
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Published
18 July 2017
Authors
Gábor Melis, Chris Dyer, Phil Blunsom

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain
Language
Task
Language modeling
Numerical format
FP32

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Parameters
24M
Training data
2,000,000 tokens

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights
Closed — provider access only
Model access
Unreleased
Training code
Unreleased

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Why it is tracked
SOTA improvement

"We establish a new state of the art on the Penn Treebank and Wikitext-2 corpora"

Record confidence
Confident
Citations
555
Benchmark data
AWD-LSTM

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference
On the State of the Art of Evaluation in Neural Language Models
Last updated
28 November 2025

What the numbers mean

Background

AWD-LSTM was published by DeepMind,University of Oxford, in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, in July 2017. The organisation is categorised as industry,Academia.

It works in Language, and is recorded as doing language modeling.

Its weights were never published, so it can only be reached through its provider. No graphics card changes that.

How it was trained

The training set ran to roughly 2,000,000 tokens.

Its inclusion criterion is sOTA improvement.

Answers

AWD-LSTM — common questions

01

Is AWD-LSTM open source?

No. AWD-LSTM has not had its weights published, so it exists only as a service controlled by its owner.

02

How many parameters does AWD-LSTM have?

AWD-LSTM has 24M parameters. That figure is the total, and it is what decides how much memory the model needs — roughly half a gigabyte per billion at the compression most people use.

03

Who created AWD-LSTM?

AWD-LSTM was published by DeepMind,University of Oxford, based in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, categorised as industry,Academia.

04

When was AWD-LSTM released?

AWD-LSTM was published in July 2017. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

05

What is AWD-LSTM used for?

AWD-LSTM works in Language, and is recorded as handling language modeling. A model can carry several of each, so these are the areas it was built for rather than a limit on what it will attempt.

06

What GPU do I need to run AWD-LSTM?

None. AWD-LSTM is a closed model — its weights were never published, so it cannot be downloaded or run on your own hardware at any price. It is reachable only through its provider.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 28 November 2025

The other direction

Looking at it from the other side?

This page starts from the model. If you already own a card and want to know everything it will run, start from the hardware instead.