Orca 2-13B TPS calculator

Open weights Microsoft Research 13B parameters November 2023

Each card below is assessed against this model at the context length and minimum quality you choose. Speed is an estimate for a single request, calculated from the card's memory bandwidth and the size of the model once compressed.

Calculated for this model

509 cards that can run it

818 cards we hold specifications for

Smallest card that fits

Xeon Phi 5110P

8 GB · Q3_K_M · 18.3 tok/s

Fastest card

B200

261 tok/s · 180 GB

Which GPUs can run Orca 2-13B?

Set the inputs, read the answer

Context length tokens

A longer conversation needs more memory, which can push this model off smaller cards.

Minimum quality

Hides cards that would only fit the model by compressing it below this point.

Search cards

Card memory

Also show cards that cannot run it

509 cards match

Calculating

					Needs	Quantisation	Fit
261 tok/s 156–417 · low confidence	B200 NVIDIA	180 GB	8,000 GB/s	Jan 2024	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
261 tok/s 156–417 · low confidence	B300 NVIDIA	288 GB	8,000 GB/s	Sep 2025	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
208 tok/s 125–333 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI350X AMD	288 GB	8,190 GB/s	Jan 2025	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
208 tok/s 125–333 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI355X AMD	288 GB	8,190 GB/s	Jan 2025	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
166 tok/s 100–266 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300 AMD	128 GB	6,550 GB/s	Jan 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
159 tok/s 96–255 · low confidence	H200 NVL NVIDIA	141 GB	4,890 GB/s	Nov 2024	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
159 tok/s 96–255 · low confidence	H200 SXM 141 GB NVIDIA	141 GB	4,890 GB/s	Nov 2024	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
152 tok/s 91–244 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI325X AMD	256 GB	6,000 GB/s	Oct 2024	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
135 tok/s 81–217 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300A AMD	128 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
135 tok/s 81–217 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI300X AMD	192 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
135 tok/s 81–217 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI308X AMD	192 GB	5,325 GB/s	Dec 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
131 tok/s 79–210 · low confidence	CMP 170HX 8 GB NVIDIA	8 GB	1,490 GB/s	Sep 2021	7.1 GB	Q3_K_M	Tight
128 tok/s 77–205 · low confidence	H100 NVL 94 GB NVIDIA	94 GB	3,940 GB/s	Mar 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
117 tok/s 70–188 · low confidence	CMP 170HX 10 GB NVIDIA	10 GB	1,560 GB/s	Sep 2021	8.6 GB	Q4_K_M	Tight
109 tok/s 66–175 · low confidence	H100 PCIe 96 GB NVIDIA	96 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
109 tok/s 66–175 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 80 GB NVIDIA	80 GB	3,360 GB/s	Oct 2022	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
109 tok/s 66–175 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 94 GB NVIDIA	94 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
109 tok/s 66–175 · low confidence	H100 SXM5 96 GB NVIDIA	96 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
109 tok/s 66–175 · low confidence	H800 SXM5 NVIDIA	80 GB	3,360 GB/s	Mar 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
83.4 tok/s 50–133 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI250 AMD	128 GB	3,280 GB/s	Nov 2021	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
83.4 tok/s 50–133 · low confidence	Radeon Instinct MI250X AMD	128 GB	3,280 GB/s	Nov 2021	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
69.5 tok/s 42–111 · low confidence	Data Center GPU Max 1550 Intel	128 GB	3,280 GB/s	Jan 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
68.0 tok/s 41–109 · low confidence	Data Center GPU Max Subsystem Intel	128 GB	3,210 GB/s	Jan 2023	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable
67.5 tok/s 41–108 · low confidence	RTX A5000-8Q NVIDIA	8 GB	768 GB/s	Apr 2021	7.1 GB	Q3_K_M	Tight
66.5 tok/s 40–106 · low confidence	A100 SXM4 80 GB NVIDIA	80 GB	2,040 GB/s	Nov 2020	14.6 GB	Q8_0	Comfortable

Speeds are estimates for a single request — one conversation at a time — calculated from memory bandwidth, model size and quantisation. Real throughput varies with the inference runtime and its version. Figures published by hardware vendors measure many simultaneous requests and are much higher.

On record

Full specification

Everything on record for this model. Most of it describes how it was trained rather than how it runs — useful context for judging how much work went into it, and how it compares with models built at a different scale.

Origin

Who built this model, where, and when it was published.

Organisation: Microsoft Research
Organisation type: Industry
Country: United States of America
Published: 21 November 2023
Authors: Arindam Mitra, Luciano Del Corro, Shweti Mahajan, Andres Codas, Clarisse Simoes, Sahaj Agarwal, Xuxi Chen, Anastasia Razdaibiedina, Erik Jones, Kriti Aggarwal, Hamid Palangi, Guoqing Zheng, Corby Rosset, Hamed Khanpour, Ahmed Awadallah

What it does

The problem areas the model was built for. A model can carry several of each.

Domain: Language
Task: Language modeling/generation, Question answering
Base model: LLaMA-13B

Size

How large the model is and how much data it was trained on. Parameters are the figure that decides whether it fits on a given graphics card.

Parameters: 13B
Training data: tokens

Training compute

The arithmetic performed to train the model, measured in floating-point operations. It is a measure of what the training run cost, not of how fast the finished model answers you.

Training compute: 4.6 × 10²² FLOP
How it was established: Hardware
Fine-tuning compute: 8.6 × 10²⁰ FLOP

The training run

What it physically took to train: which chips, how many, for how long, and what that drew from the wall.

Training hardware: NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB
Wall-clock time: 80 hours

Availability

Whether you can obtain the model and run it on your own hardware, which is what decides if any of the graphics-card figures on this page apply.

Weights: Open — downloadable
Model access: Open weights (non-commercial)
Training code: Unreleased

How it is classified

Labels the source dataset applies when tracking notable models, and how confident it is in the entry.

Record confidence: Confident
Citations: 202

Sources

Where this record came from and when it was last checked.

Reference: Orca 2: Teaching Small Language Models How to Reason
Last updated: 25 May 2026

The extremes

The ten fastest GPUs that run Orca 2-13B

Ranked by estimated tokens per second, newest card first where speeds tie. Because generation is bound by memory bandwidth, this ordering follows bandwidth rather than any gaming benchmark.

The smallest GPUs that still run Orca 2-13B

The cheapest route in, by memory capacity. A tight fit runs the model but leaves nothing spare for a longer conversation.

What the numbers mean

The hardware side

Minimum card

Xeon Phi 5110P

Memory needed

7.1 GB

Fastest

261 tok/s

Orca 2-13B is small enough at 13B parameters that hardware is rarely the obstacle — 509 of the cards we track can run it, including cards several years old.

At the low end, a Xeon Phi 5110P handles it — 8 GB, at Q3_K_M, for about 18.3 tokens per second.

A B200 is the fastest we calculate for it: about 261 tokens per second, from 8,000 GB/s of memory bandwidth.

About this model

Orca 2-13B was published by Microsoft Research, in United States of America, in November 2023. It comes out of industry.

It works in Language, and is recorded as doing language modeling/generation, Question answering.

Its starting point was LLaMA-13B — most models at this scale are adapted from an existing base rather than built from nothing.

Because its weights were released, nothing about running it depends on a provider staying available — it is yours once downloaded.

How fast it runs, and why

The median result is around 21.2 tokens per second; 459 cards produce text faster than most people read it.

It is a dense model, so every parameter is read for every token produced. That makes speed track memory bandwidth almost exactly — a card with twice the bandwidth generates roughly twice as fast.

Memory here is estimated from size rather than computed from the architecture, which is not recorded for this model — the numbers are indicative rather than exact.

How it was trained

The training run consumed about 4.6 × 10²² FLOP, on NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB. That figure describes the cost of creating it and has no bearing on how quickly it generates text.

Step by step

How to choose a GPU for Orca 2-13B

The table above has already assessed every card we hold specifications for against this model. Getting to your answer takes six steps.

01

Read the memory figure first

Every card here has been checked against Orca 2-13B — around 7.1 GB at Q3_K_M. Capacity is the gate — a card either holds it or it does not.
02

Set the context length you will work at

Set the context to what you will actually use. The cache grows with the conversation, and it is the usual reason Orca 2-13B stops fitting a card that seemed fine.
03

Set a quality floor

The quantisation column varies by card, because a bigger card holds a more accurate copy of Orca 2-13B — Q3_K_M on the smallest card that fits. Set a floor to hold the comparison at one level.
04

Compare tokens per second, not specifications

The speed ordering for Orca 2-13B is effectively an ordering by memory bandwidth, which is why the B200 tops it at 261 tok/s.
05

Check the fit verdict before buying

A tight fit runs Orca 2-13B but leaves nothing spare for a longer conversation; comfortable has headroom. If you expect to grow the context, buy for comfortable.
06

Check the card from the other side

Following a card through to its own page shows every other model it can hold, which is the question that follows once Orca 2-13B is settled.

Answers

Orca 2-13B — common questions

What is Orca 2-13B used for?

Orca 2-13B works in Language, and is recorded as handling language modeling/generation, Question answering. Models frequently carry more than one of each, and the tags describe purpose rather than capability limits.

Where can I download Orca 2-13B?

The weights for Orca 2-13B are published, though we do not hold a repository link for it. This site calculates hardware requirements rather than hosting model files.

How much compute was used to train Orca 2-13B?

Around 4.6 × 10²² FLOP, on NVIDIA A100 SXM4 80 GB. That measures what producing the model cost and says nothing about how quickly it answers once trained — inference speed comes from memory bandwidth, not from the training budget.

Can I run Orca 2-13B if it does not fit in my GPU?

Only by offloading, which is usually a false economy: the part in system memory drags the whole thing down — the nearest miss we calculate is short by 3.2 GB. Our figures for Orca 2-13B assume it is fully resident.

Would two GPUs run Orca 2-13B faster?

Two cards buy memory rather than speed. That matters for Orca 2-13B only if one card cannot hold it — 509 can, so a second adds little.

Why does the quantisation differ between cards for Orca 2-13B?

Because capacity varies, so does how hard Orca 2-13B has to be squeezed — 5 distinct levels appear in the table above. Set a minimum quality to compare at one.

How accurate are these Orca 2-13B speed estimates?

They are calculated from specifications rather than measured, and each carries a range — 156–417 tok/s on the B200, for instance. The same model and card vary by thirty to fifty per cent depending on the inference software and its version.

What GPU do I need to run Orca 2-13B?

The smallest card in our catalogue that holds Orca 2-13B is the Xeon Phi 5110P, with 8 GB of memory. It runs the model at Q3_K_M using about 7.1 GB, and produces roughly 18.3 tokens per second. 509 cards in total can run it.

How fast is Orca 2-13B on a GPU?

It depends on the card. The quickest we calculate is a B200 at about 261 tokens per second; the slowest that still runs it manages considerably less. Reading speed is around ten tokens per second, and 459 of the cards that can run Orca 2-13B clear that.

How much VRAM does Orca 2-13B need?

About 7.1 GB at Q3_K_M compression, which is what the smallest card that runs it uses. Less compression needs more: the figures in the memory column above are recalculated for each card, because each one holds the least-compressed version it can.

Can I run Orca 2-13B on a 8 GB GPU?

Yes. A CMP 170HX 8 GB with 8 GB runs it at Q3_K_M, using about 7.1 GB and generating roughly 131 tokens per second — a tight fit.

Can I run Orca 2-13B on a 12 GB GPU?

Yes. A GeForce RTX 3080 Ti with 12 GB runs it at Q5_K_M, using about 10.1 GB and generating roughly 53.1 tokens per second — a tight fit.

Can I run Orca 2-13B on a 16 GB GPU?

Yes. A Tesla V100 SXM2 16 GB with 16 GB runs it at Q6_K, using about 11.6 GB and generating roughly 53.5 tokens per second — a comfortable fit.

Can I run Orca 2-13B on a 24 GB GPU?

Yes. A GeForce RTX 5090 D V2 with 24 GB runs it at Q8_0, using about 14.6 GB and generating roughly 43.7 tokens per second — a comfortable fit.

Is Orca 2-13B open source?

Its weights are published, so Orca 2-13B can be downloaded and run on your own hardware. Note that open weights is not the same as open source in the full sense — it says nothing about the training data, the training code, or the commercial terms attached.

How many parameters does Orca 2-13B have?

Orca 2-13B has 13B parameters. based on Llama 13B. That figure is the total, and it is what decides how much memory the model needs — roughly half a gigabyte per billion at the compression most people use.

Who created Orca 2-13B?

Orca 2-13B was published by Microsoft Research, based in United States of America, categorised as industry.

When was Orca 2-13B released?

Orca 2-13B was published in November 2023. Capability per parameter has improved considerably since, so a newer model of the same size is often the better use of the same hardware.

Source

Original publication

Record last updated 25 May 2026

The other direction

Looking at it from the other side?

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